# Technical Primitives

USDh and sUSDh are issued natively on Bitcoin L1 (Runes) and the Bitcoin L2 Stacks.

## Runes

We use PSBTs to mint and stake. No bridges, L2s, or altcoins are involved.

<details>

<summary>USDh &#x26; sUSDh Runes Protocol Wallets and Token Etchings</summary>

**Protocol Wallets**

* Reserve Wallet: [bc1q24t48s4lyks0309u9arqtqcrj5txc73pf6xfuxcfdgznz92wewvs8lr8re](https://ordinals.com/address/bc1q24t48s4lyks0309u9arqtqcrj5txc73pf6xfuxcfdgznz92wewvs8lr8re)
* Protocol Wallet 1: [bc1ppd9xd0dgnt88wfxv4fudy407y4mvq8ar62r5xw9yrlzsfxxcr96sskfd2w](https://ordinals.com/address/bc1ppd9xd0dgnt88wfxv4fudy407y4mvq8ar62r5xw9yrlzsfxxcr96sskfd2w)
* Protocol Wallet 2: [bc1p7s7qa93gckae09lmvxpqm6j7xeva6a0pstu53397s7te86jeygxss0f0a4](https://ordinals.com/address/bc1p7s7qa93gckae09lmvxpqm6j7xeva6a0pstu53397s7te86jeygxss0f0a4)

**Token Etchings**

* USDh Token Etching: [USDH•USDH•USDH•USDH](https://ordinals.com/rune/USDH%E2%80%A2USDH%E2%80%A2USDH%E2%80%A2USDH)
* sUSDH Token Etching: [SUSDH•SUSDH•SUSDH•SUSDH](https://ordinals.com/rune/SUSDH%E2%80%A2SUSDH%E2%80%A2SUSDH%E2%80%A2SUSDH)

</details>

## Stacks

We use Clarity based smart contracts to issue SIP-10 USDh and sUSDh on the Stacks blockchain.&#x20;

<details>

<summary>USDh &#x26; sUSDh Stacks Smart Contract Addresses</summary>

* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.usdh-token-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.usdh-token-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.susdh-token-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.susdh-token-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.hq-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.hq-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.controller-v1-1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.controller-v1-1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.emergency-recover-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.emergency-recover-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-auto-v1-2](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-auto-v1-2?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-auto-state-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-auto-state-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-auto-trait-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/0x38470c474f7258f67c88cc84ae8309ca391141d26e1369dab06a393e0292e31a?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-state-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-state-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-otc-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.minting-otc-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.redeeming-reserve-v1-2](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.redeeming-reserve-v1-2?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-v1-1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-v1-1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-reserve-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-reserve-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-silo-v1-1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-silo-v1-1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-silo-trait-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-silo-trait-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-state-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-state-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-trait-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.staking-trait-v1?chain=mainnet)
* [SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.usdh-airdrop-v1](https://explorer.hiro.so/txid/SPN5AKG35QZSK2M8GAMR4AFX45659RJHDW353HSG.usdh-airdrop-v1?chain=mainnet)

</details>

{% hint style="success" %}
View the USDh smart contracts [on Github](https://github.com/hermetica-fi/hermetica-contracts).
{% endhint %}

{% hint style="success" %}
The smart contracts have been audited by [Clarity Alliance](https://github.com/Clarity-Alliance/audits/blob/main/Clarity%20Alliance%20-%20Hermetica.pdf) and [Strata Labs](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uq7weWjH2_nQr8fyqLvbQ7GR8Bhps4Hz/view). Learn [more](https://docs.hermetica.fi/usdh/how-it-works/security-mechanisms).
{% endhint %}


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